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Rajkotupdates. news: emm-negative-rare-blood-group-found-in-rajkot-man-11th-such-case-worldwide – Introduction
Rajkotupdates. news: emm-negative-Rare-Blood-Group-found-in-Rajkot-man-11th-such-Case-Worldwide: The boy has been identified with a unique blood type that cannot categorize into existing groups of A, B, O, or AB. The 12-year-boy patient who had been undergoing treatment in Telangana after a neck accident needed blood for neck surgery.
However, when his blood type was not found in the Prathama Laboratory of Telangana, the samples were sent to the blood donation center in Balapur, said Samekh Joshi, a doctor at Samar Pan Blood Donation Centreboard in Balapur.
After examination, the sample did not match with any group, following which blood samples of the elderly Man along with his relatives were sent to America for investigation. Subsequently, it was found that the elderly Man’s blood type was India’s first and the world’s tenth such case of the rarest blood group.
Researchers Report India’s First Rajkotupdates. news: emm-negative-Rare-Blood-Group-found-in-Rajkot-man-11th-such-Case-Worldwide
There are four blood groups in the human body, which further consist of 42 types of systems, like A, B, O, Rh, and Duffy. There are also 375 types of antigens in which EMM is high. People with EMM negative blood group can neither donate their blood to anyone nor acquire it from anyone.
As investigations have demonstrated on monkeys, human blood groups are ancient genetic indicators that have evolved over several million years. Based on the primary races’ hypothesis, it was thought that in the three major races of Man, blood groups A in Europe, B in Asia, and finally O in South America have emerged and gradually, due to the migration and mixing of the races, became the present situation. But we know that in each continent, isolated populations with entirely different blood groups are seen.
Only ten people with the Rare Blood Group
So far, there were only nine people in the world with such a rarest blood group. But now, a 65-year-old man from Gujarat’s Rajkot has been identified with the said blood group. People with these sporadic blood types cannot donate or receive blood from others.
How did Doctors identify the Rare Blood Group in the Man?
As there was no earlier history of transfusion in the patient. After the postponement of the surgery, the patient gives medicines to increase his hemoglobin levels. But he got infected with COVID-19 in between and died about a month ago, as per a Times Now report.
There is a rare blood type that only 43 people in the world have, and only nine of them donate blood. The blood, known as Rhinal (or Rhesus null), is often called “golden blood” due to its rarity and great value. To understand why this type is so rare and expensive, you must understand a little about blood types.
How did Rajkotupdates. news: emm-negative-Rare-Blood-Group-found-in-Rajkot-man-11th-such-Case-Worldwide Types Develop?
Type B developed about 3.5 million years ago from a genetic mutation in one of the sugars on the surface of red blood cells. 2.5 million years ago, another modification to the gene responsible for the type of sugar in the blood cells led to the formation of blood type O, whose cells do not have the sugar that causes the formation of blood type A or B.
Sometime over the years, another blood type developed – one that has expression of both sugars and is known as AB. Antigens on the cell membrane characterize the blood types and trigger an immune response in contact with an incompatible environment.
What is “Golden Blood?”
The first “golden blood” was identified in 1961 in a woman born in Australia. Since then, dozens of other strange cases, and scientists estimate that around 1 in 6 million people worldwide have this blood type. No one knows for sure, but as mentioned, only 43 confirmed cases exist.
As mentioned, this blood is “universal” for anyone with rare blood types in the Rh system because it lacks antigens that may provoke immune system resistance. This means that this blood type has a huge potential for blood transfusions. It has also been used in medical research, such as in the development of immunoglobulin-based drugs used to prevent Rhesus disease, a condition in which antibodies in a pregnant woman’s blood attack the blood cells of their baby.
What blood types mean
Most people think of A, B, AB, and O when they hear the phrase “blood types.” These letters classify blood types based on whether red blood cells have the A or B antigen, the ABO system.
- Type A: Red blood cells have the A antigen.
- Type B: Red blood cells have the B antigen.
- Type AB: Red blood cells have both A and B antigens.
- Type O: Red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens.
Blood types are either “positive” or “negative,” depending on the absence or presence of the Rh factor’s D antigen, another marker. This calls the Rh system, and being RhD vivacious is more common than being RhD negative.
- Positive (+): Red blood cells have the RhD antigen.
- Negative (-): Red blood cells don’t have the RhD antigen.
What are the Different Blood Types?
There are eight blood types included in the ABO and Rh blood group systems: A positive (A+), A negative (A-), B positive (B+), B negative (B-), AB positive (AB+), AB negative (AB-), O positive (O+), O negative (O-). The most common blood type in the United States is O-positive (O+).
Extremely Rare Blood Group That Has Only Discover in Nine People in the Entire World
More than 40 blood systems like Rh and Duffy and more than 350 antigens connect with red cells. While EMM is a common high-frequency antigen, this patient did not have EMM in his blood, according to Patel.
EMM antigens are antibodies that develop naturally in the human body. Nine globally registered persons have EMM-negative blood type, and now a tenth person from Gujarat has been added.
Conclusion
All blood does the same thing, but not all is the same. Blood types classify blood so healthcare providers can determine whether one person’s blood is compatible with another’s. Blood transfusions and organ transplants depend on donors and recipients having compatible blood types.
After examination, the sample did not match with any group, following which blood samples of the elderly Man along with his relatives were sent to America for investigation.